container/部署PostGIS.md

目录结构

• pgsql-gis/
• pgsql-admin/
• docker-compose.yaml

mkdir pgsql-gis pgsql-admin
sudo chown 5050 ./pgsql-admin

docker-compose.yaml

version: '3.8'
services:
  # PGSQL
  pgsql-gis-16:
    # 不支持全文检索
    image: postgis/postgis:16-master
    # 支持全文检索的自编译镜像
    #image: pgsql-gis-fts:latest
    container_name: pgsql-gis-16
    ports:
      - "35430:5432" # 替换
    volumes:
      - ./pgsql-gis:/var/lib/postgresql/data
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: # 替换
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: # 替换
      POSTGRES_DB: # 替换
      POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS: --encoding=UTF8
    restart: on-failure:3
  # PG Admin（HTTP）
  pgsql-admin:
    image: dpage/pgadmin4:latest # 替换
    container_name: pgsql-admin
    ports:
      - "18906:80" # 替换
    volumes:
      - ./pgsql-admin:/var/lib/pgadmin
    environment:
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL: demo@email.com 
      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD: # 替换
      PGADMIN_CONFIG_CHECK_EMAIL_DELIVERABILITY: 'False'
    restart: on-failure:3
#  PG Admin（HTTPS）
#  pgsql-admin:
#    image: dpage/pgadmin4:latest
#    container_name: pgsql-admin
#    ports:
#      - "18907:443"
#    volumes:
#      - ./pgsql-admin:/var/lib/pgadmin
#      - ./certs:/certs
#    environment:
#      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_EMAIL: demo@email.com
#      PGADMIN_DEFAULT_PASSWORD: # 替换
#      PGADMIN_CONFIG_CHECK_EMAIL_DELIVERABILITY: 'False'
#      PGADMIN_ENABLE_TLS: 'True'
#      PGADMIN_SERVER_CERT_FILE: /certs/server.cert
#      PGADMIN_SERVER_KEY_FILE: /certs/server.key
#    restart: on-failure:3

添加全文索引支持

需要从 git 克隆 zhparser 添加中文分词支持，执行 docker build 命令的目录结构长这样：

• Dockerfile
• zhparser/

git clone https://github.com/amutu/zhparser.git

Dockerfile

FROM postgis/postgis:16-master

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    build-essential \
    git \
    libcurl4-openssl-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    wget \
    postgresql-server-dev-16 \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

RUN pg_config --version

WORKDIR /tmp

RUN wget http://www.xunsearch.com/scws/down/scws-1.2.3.tar.bz2 \
    && tar xjf scws-1.2.3.tar.bz2 \
    && cd scws-1.2.3 \
    && ./configure \
    && make && make install \
    && cd ..

COPY zhparser zhparser

RUN cd zhparser \
    && export PG_CONFIG=$(which pg_config) \
    && echo "Using pg_config: $PG_CONFIG" \
    && make USE_PGXS=1 \
    && make USE_PGXS=1 install \
    && cd ..

RUN rm -rf /tmp/*

WORKDIR /

编译

docker build -t pgsql-gis-fts .

启用中文分词扩展

CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS zhparser;

CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION chinese_mix (PARSER = zhparser);
-- DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION IF EXISTS chinese_mix;

ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION chinese_mix
    ADD MAPPING FOR n,v,a,i,e,l,d,j,m,q,r,t,u,w,x,z WITH simple;

SELECT to_tsvector('chinese_mix', 'Hello world, 你好世界，PostgreSQL 很棒');

测试

CREATE TABLE articles (
    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
    title TEXT,
    content TEXT,
    -- 生成列：自动维护 tsvector，避免每次查询都计算，提高性能
    content_tsvector TSVECTOR GENERATED ALWAYS AS (to_tsvector('chinese_mix', content)) STORED
);

-- 插入一些混合数据
INSERT INTO articles (title, content) VALUES 
('AI 技术展望', '人工智能 (AI) 正在改变世界，PostgreSQL 是存储这些数据的首选数据库。'),
('PostgreSQL 16 新特性', 'PostgreSQL 16 带来了更好的性能，支持 JSON 增强和中文分词优化。'),
('日常开发笔记', 'Today I learned about zhparser. 它让中文搜索变得很简单。');

-- 搜索包含 "人工智能" 的文章
SELECT title, content 
FROM articles 
WHERE content_tsvector @@ to_tsquery('chinese_mix', '人工智能');

-- 搜索包含 "PostgreSQL" 的文章
SELECT title, content 
FROM articles 
WHERE content_tsvector @@ to_tsquery('chinese_mix', 'PostgreSQL');

-- 搜索既包含 "数据库" 又包含 "PostgreSQL" 的文章
SELECT title, content 
FROM articles 
WHERE content_tsvector @@ to_tsquery('chinese_mix', '数据库 & PostgreSQL');

-- 搜索包含 "AI" 或者 "改变" 的文章
SELECT title, content 
FROM articles 
WHERE content_tsvector @@ to_tsquery('chinese_mix', 'AI | 改变');